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Advancements in Thoracic Surgery: Innovations and Techniques for Respiratory Health

Somalina Yadav

Advancements in thoracic surgery have significantly contributed to the improvement of respiratory health outcomes. This abstract highlights the innovations and techniques that have emerged in the field, focusing on their impact on respiratory conditions. Minimally invasive surgery, including video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and roboticassisted surgery, has revolutionized thoracic procedures by reducing postoperative pain, hospital stays, and recovery times. Enhanced imaging and navigation techniques, such as CT, MRI, and PET, have improved preoperative planning and intraoperative precision. Image-guided procedures, like electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB), have facilitated less invasive diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Lung-sparing resections, such as segmentectomy and wedge resections, preserve healthy lung tissue while ensuring cancer clearance. Robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) provides enhanced dexterity and visualization for complex procedures. Transplantation innovations, such as ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP), have expanded the donor pool for lung transplantation. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols optimize perioperative care and promote faster recovery. Cryoablation and radiofrequency ablation offer alternatives for patients not suitable for surgery. Advanced airway interventions, including laser resection, stent placement, and reconstructive surgeries, have improved outcomes for complex airway conditions. These advancements in thoracic surgery have revolutionized the field, providing patients with improved treatment options, reduced complications, and enhanced quality of life.