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Different Types of Screening Techniques Used in Cervical Cancer

Tycho Brahe

Persistent infections with specific high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) strains are the driving cause of cervical cancer and precancerous injuries. HPV-16 and HPV-18 are related with more than 70% of cervical cancer. However, with later broad immunization efforts against cervical cancer, the disease rates of HPV-16 and HPV-18 have decreased over all age groups, whereas the infection rates of other HR-HPV strains have expanded. The non-16/18 HR-HPV strains play an important role in cervical injuries. These strains can be distinguished with amplified genotyping, and the 2019 American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP) guidelines recommended an HPV-based testing to assess the risk of cervical disease in patients. We reviewed and analyzed the clinical benefits of applying extended HR-HPV genotyping, which was published by the Universal Agency for Research on Cancer, to cervical cancer screening. This review concluded that cervical cancer screening needs to incorporate extended HR-HPV genotyping. The examination of extended HR-HPV genotyping in cervical intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancers can help direct clinical practices