Epidemiology: Open Access

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Epidemiology and Vaccine for Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Yuika Naito

Lower respiratory tract infections in young infants and the elderly have been linked to the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). It is a negative-sense RNA virus with an envelope from the genus Orthopneumovirus. RSV infection symptoms might range from otitis media or mild upper respiratory tract diseases to serious lower respiratory tract infections. According to recent estimates, 33.1 million episodes of RSV-acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in young children occurred in 2015. The bulk of these episodes, or around 30 million, occurred in low- and middle-income countries. In numerous hospital- and community-based investigations conducted primarily on children in India, the rates of RSV detection range from 5% to 54% and from 8% to 15%, respectively. RSV outbreaks begin in the South and move to the North on a global scale. In RSV primarily peaks in North India during the winter, and there has been some association with low temperatures. India has produced several genotypes of Group A (GA2, GA5, NA1, and ON1) and Group B (GB2, SAB4, and BA). RSV continues to be a top priority for vaccine research due to its widespread prevalence. There is still no licenced vaccine, despite nearly 50 years of attempts, and the scientific community continues to face difficulties in developing a vaccine that is both safe and effective. Using the keywords RSV, epidemiology, and India, the data for this review were collected from PubMed. The authors have combined the information.