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Gamma Probe Assisted Axillary Lymph Node Biopsy Compared with Axillary Dissection in Breast Cancer

Morteza Alizadeh Foroutan, Hassan Moayeri, Keivan Sabooni, Motahareh Rouhi Ardeshiri

Background: Breast cancer incidence is annually increasing in various parts of the world and Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) has turned into a new standard for care as a staging process in this regard. In the present study, the gamma probe technique was used for SLNB as a safe method with more accuracy and less complications. The study sought to compare the results Axillary Lymph Node Dissection (ALND) and SLNB in patients from the Western provinces of Iran.

Methods: In general, 277 cases participated in the current study. Patients were divided into those undergoing ALND and SLNB. The criteria for complete dissection or axillary biopsy using the gamma probe were based on the results of clinical examinations and the presence of palpable lymph nodes.

Results: Overall complications after surgery belonged to 58 (18.9%) cases, including 15 (25.9%) and 43 (74.1%) patients in the SLNB and ALND groups, respectively (P=0.74). Based on the findings, seroma (60.3%) was the most reported complication in each group. Most patients had tumors in the upper-outer quadrant of their left breast. The mean of the tumor dimension in the SLNB and ALND groups was 2.1 ± 1.3 cm and 3.2 ± 1.8 cm, respectively, (P=0.003).

Conclusion: The benefits of Breast Conserving Surgery (BCS) with the SLNB technique are clearly undeniable and can be considered a method with less complications and a better prognosis. Accordingly, SLNB and BCS are favorable methods that can be performed, along with gamma probe technique, which is safe and accurate.