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Identifying Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD) as an Independent Risk Factor for Increased Morbidity and Mortality after Proximal Amputations

Pasquale Cancelliere and Jessica Knight

Accelerated changes in health care delivery inevitably increases the need for evidence validated treatment modalities and algorithms. Treatment modalities must be both clinically effective but also financially sound both in the short term and long term. The overall mortality rates of diabetic patients undergoing proximal amputation are reported in further in this review; however, it is the purpose of this review to underline the influence of chronic kidney disease on the diabetic foot and identify it as an independent risk factor. Diabetic foot complications are significantly worsened by the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD, especially End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), seems to play a huge and grossly underestimated influence on the overall rate of diabetic complications, including an increase in amputation rate and mortality.