耳鼻喉科：开放获取

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Laryngeal Problems in HIV-Positive Individuals

Samuel Weinreb

The life expectation for recently diagnosed HIV cases has mainly bettered since the preface and wide vacuity of combined antiretroviral remedy. Whereas an HIV opinion formerly represented a likely death judgment, HIV infection has now come a manageable, habitual complaint. Accordingly, as the prevalence of AIDS- defining events in HIVpositive cases has declined, public health and clinical interest have shifted towards the implicit health goods of habitual HIV infection and long- term antiretroviral remedy. In fact, several cohort studies have shown that these cases are at lesser threat of developing on-AIDS defining conditions, in particular some types of cancer similar as Hodgkin's carcinoma, liver cancer, and head and neck cancer. Other exemplifications of systemic conditions with increased prevalence among HIV cases are order complaint, liver complaint similar asnon-alcoholic adipose liver complaint, diabetes, hypertension and bone homeostasis disturbances. Still, establishing a direct connection between HIV or and the forenamed conditions is delicate due to the high frequence of threat factors traditionally associated with those conditions among people living with HIV. These include aged age, manly gender, fat, smoking, and poor eating habits. Further, it's worth exploring why the larynx doesn't appear to be more susceptible to the sequelae of HPV infection in HIV-positive cases, indeed when other HPV- associated cancers are more common in this group shown that the population of HIV-positive cases presenting to a laryngology clinic suffers significantly more frequently from laryngeal scaled cell melanoma as well as habitual, fungal, and ulcerative laryngitis compared to HIV-negative individualities. Unexpectedly, frequence of laryngeal papilloma was analogous in both populations.